2026년 3월 고1 전국연합 영어 지문해설 (전체 19지문)

핵심 문장There is simply no better way to affect, impact · 영향을 미치다influence or stir an audience—instantly, powerfully, genuinely, sincerely · 진정성 있게authentically—than by opening up to them with a personal story or anecdote.

To be clear: I’m not saying you need to tell them long stories about your family vacations or show them baby pictures from the stage.

I’m saying that you can impart, communicate · 공유하다share a key biographical detail, or an emotion that you’re feeling in the moment, or a self-deprecating joke.

It is a tried-and-tested검증된, 입증된 way of bonding with an audience of strangers—and of laying the groundwork for you to then convince, influence · 설득하다persuade them.

The harsh truth, fact · 현실reality is that people won’t bond with your arguments in a vacuum, but they will, says speech coach Bas van den Beld, “bond with you”—the person making those arguments.

핵심 문장By sharing a revealing story or a personal defect, weakness · 결점flaw, you allow audience members a way to identify with you.

We are now at a point of~한 지점에 있는 unparalleled, novel · 전례 없는unprecedented genetic, cultural, and environmental power as a species, and we are connected, associated · 연결된linked to nearly every other person on Earth.

We are embodied individuals trapped within limited time, but we are also networked data streams, memories, and influencers, and part of a grander humanity.

핵심 문장Our decisions today have far-reaching impacts that place a responsibility on us우리에게 책임을 지우다 to become good ancestors, to take the long view and time travel forward to imagine the welfare, happiness · 안녕well-being of billions of people whose lives will be lived in the world we are currently making.

Centuries ago, leaders of the native North American Iroquois people created “seven generation management, care · 관리stewardship,” instructing people to consider the impact of every decision on their children, seven generations into the future.

핵심 문장·빈칸In the precious few decades that Earth is ours, while we enjoy the gardens planted by our ancestors, we must not steal the shade후손이 누릴 혜택을 가로채다 from our offspring, successors · 후손descendants.

핵심 문장Despite~에도 불구하고(전치사) learned eating behaviors that are formed in early childhood and inborn biological differences, taste preferences can be changed throughout our lives due to neuroplasticity, our brain’s amazing flexibility, adjustability · 적응력adaptability: There is far more adaptability, pliancy · 유연성flexibility in our food behaviors than most think, even as we age우리가 나이가 들면서조차.

This is terrific news for adventurous eaters who want to expand their dinner menu—it’s a big, tasty world out there!—but it’s amazing news for those eager to break poor diet habits.

Just as kids gradually learn to like nutritious foods, so, too, can adults realign, modify · 재조정하다readjust their taste.

Many who switch from refined, manufactured · 가공된processed grain foods like white bread and white rice to whole grain types, for instance, gradually learn to prefer the nutty flavors and chewy textures.

핵심 문장Repeated contact, experience · 노출exposure—and a willingness to change—is the key.

Conformity in the teenage years has been studied by putting young people in situations where they are asked to관계부사절로 상황을 수식 make a choice or choice, judgment · 결정decision where that appears to go against what everyone else in the group is saying.

The fascinating thing about the results of these studies is that conformity is not spread equally across all age groups.

Thus, the willingness to go along with~에 동조하다 others reaches a climax, summit · 정점peak around the age of 14.

After that, this inclination, trend · 경향tendency decreases, so that by 16 or 17, young people are much more able to dissent, differ · 반대하다disagree with the group and to stand up for~을 옹호하다 their own opinion.

This is an important finding.

핵심 문장It shows, proves · 보여주다demonstrates that the impact, effect · 영향력influence of the peer group is not the same across all ages.

As young people develop, grow · 성숙해지다mature, they become more tough, adaptable · 회복력 있는resilient, and more able to defend their opinions as individuals.

routines, practices · 습관Habits aren’t bad.

We need them to survive.

핵심 문장Understanding how the brain uses habits의문사절이 주어로 쓰임, and how you can work with them, is crucial, vital · 필수적인essential for business.

핵심 문장·빈칸One question to ask is, are you really trying to break a habit, or would you do better by attaching to another one (known as과거분사구로 앞의 명사를 수식 temptation bundling)?

Wharton professor Katy Milkman led a research project called Holding the Hunger Games Hostage at the Gym, where participants could only have access to their audio devices while at the gym.

This uses a tempting habit — listening to that awesome audiobook — and integrates, merges · 결합하다combines it with a habit people would like to build, but may otherwise feel forced to put off수동태와 to부정사의 결합, like exercising.

The participants whose devices were “held hostage” were 51 percent more likely to visit the gym.

And the really amazing thing is what happened after it was over: nearly two-thirds chose, decided · 선택했다opted to pay to have gym-only access for their devices!

A conceptual model is an explanation, usually highly basic, uncomplicated · 단순화된simplified, of how something works의문사+주어+동사 형태의 명사절.

핵심 문장It doesn't have to be complete or even precise, correct · 정확한accurate as long as~하기만 한다면(조건) it is helpful, practical · 유용한useful.

The files, folders, and icons you see displayed on a computer screen help people create the conceptual model of documents and folders inside the computer, or of apps or applications on the screen.

In fact, there are no folders inside the computer—those are efficient, productive · 효과적인effective conceptualizations designed to~하기 위해 고안된(과거분사구) make them easier to use.

Sometimes these depictions can add to the bewilderment, disorder · 혼란confusion, however.

When reading e-mail or visiting a website, the material appears to be on the device, for that is where it is displayed and used.

But in fact, in many cases the real, genuine · 실제의actual material is “in the cloud,” located on some distant machine.

The conceptual model is of one, consistent, logical · 일관된coherent image, whereas it may actually be composed of, be made up of · ~로 구성되다consist of parts, each located on different machines that could be almost anywhere in the world.

The main, primary · 주요한principal transportation mode in the developing world, even in large cities, is still walking because of constraints on the resources자원에 대한 제약 needed to operate extensive transit systems.

People cover long distances on foot every day and expend human energy that they can hardly spare.

Walking under those conditions is an inevitable, inescapable · 피할 수 없는unavoidable burden that consumes productive capability.

핵심 문장In North America and Western Europe, however, the attitude and policies are just the opposite정반대인: walking is efficient, healthful, and natural.

We should do more of it—almost everybody agrees—and some of the current trends should be reversed.

핵심 문장·빈칸paradoxically · 아이러니하게도Ironically, among the most popular exercise machines in health clubs and in homes are tread-mills that simulate walking걷기를 모방하다, which could be otherwise accomplished with a transport purpose on the street.

Just like how~와 마찬가지로 other rooms in your home can cause worry, unease · 불안anxiety when filled with too much stuff, the same is true for kids.

If the play space houses every single toy that has been purchased for them since birth, they may not be able to~할 수 없을지도 모른다 express their feelings, but they can feel overpowered, burdened · 압도된overwhelmed by so much stuff.

This reminds us of how women look in their closets packed full of clothes and think, I have nothing to wear.

organization, arrangement · 큐레이션(정돈)Curation helps everyone see what they have and use what they own.

When there’s too much to see, too much to step over, and too much input, kids have a hard time making a choice.

핵심 문장simplifying, organizing · 간소화Streamlining a play space is so important.

You want your kids to feel motivated, stimulated · 영감을 받은inspired and imaginative in the room — not overcome with indecision.

Students often mistake acquaintance, awareness · 친숙함familiarity with true expertise, proficiency · 숙달mastery, creating a dangerous “illusion of competence” where recognizing information feels like genuine knowledge, but they struggle when asked to recall or apply it independently.

This cognitive bias, strengthened by inactive, receptive · 수동적인passive study methods, leads learners to overrate, exaggerate · 과대평가하다overestimate their understanding.

핵심 문장Teaching materials (even informally or imaginatively) energetically, vigorously · 적극적으로actively counters this illusion이 착각에 대응하다 by requiring deep processing, active recall, structured organization, and exposing, uncovering · 드러내는revealing gaps in knowledge.

It introduces powerful methods like teaching imaginary students, peer-teaching in study groups, employing the Feynman Technique, and writing explanations for others.

핵심 문장Ultimately, adopting the teacher mindset교사 마인드셋을 채택하는 것 converts, alters · 변화시키다transforms surface familiarity into real mastery, exposing and filling gaps in knowledge and ensuring solid, dependable, trustworthy · 신뢰할 수 있는reliable understanding.

From around 3000 BC, the Sumerian administrators, authorities · 관리officials would mark their lists of goods on clay tablets.

If they wanted to record five fish, they would mark five pictures of a fish.

핵심 문장Their first great intellectual jump, advance · 도약leap came from separating the number from the objectA from B: A를 B로부터 분리하다 they were counting.

In other words, they would represent five fish with a numeral for the number five alongside a symbol for the fish.

If they wanted to describe five of something else, they realized they could keep the same numeral and trade the object symbol for a cow, or a jar of oil, or whatever else they were interested in.

핵심 문장The Sumerians had developed the idea of an emancipated number, existing in its own right and independent of~로부터 독립적인 whatever it is being used to count.

It is easy to take the emancipated number for granted as it is so deeply set into modern thought, but to the earliest civilizations it was intellectually new and extremely powerful.

The focus, stress · 강조emphasis on learning from the ingroup takes little account of~을 거의 고려하지 않다 individuals.

Amazingly, while we may dislike some of the people in our ingroup, we still copy them.

Wilks, Kirby, and Nielsen examined, investigated · 연구했다studied copying behavior in the context of observing how to open a puzzle box.

Ingroups and outgroups were distinguished in a minimal way, using simple color coding of wristbands.

The children did not simply like all members of their ingroup; they disliked those who behaved in an disruptive, unsociable · 반사회적인antisocial fashion.

Indeed, they liked these antisocial ingroup members less than the prosocial members of an outgroup.

Still, their dislike did not affect their inclination, propensity · 경향tendency to copy ingroup behavior more closely than outgroup behavior.

This overimitation reveals that we are not copying in order to learn how to open a box most productively, effectively · 효율적으로efficiently.

핵심 문장·빈칸We want to learn how to do it in the proper way — in other words다시 말해서, complying, adhering · 순응하는conforming to the rules and conventions of the ingroup.

This will be appropriately demonstrated even by antisocial ingroup members.

The “set point theory” concept is that your body has a fixed, constant · 안정적인stable amount, number · 양quantity of fat cells by the time you are an adult시간의 부사절(~할 때쯤이면).

The more weight you carried in your childhood and your teenage years, the more fat cells you will have as an adult.

These fat cells then become “fuller” or “thinner” as you increase, put on · 얻다(늘다)gain and lose weight as an adult.

핵심 문장The set point is the trigger in these cells that will send주격 관계대명사절 a signal, communication · 메시지message to your brain saying that your fat cells are getting too thin and that you must eat more.

Different people’s fat cells will have different set points, and the strength of the message is affected by the number of cells.

핵심 문장Thus a person with lots of fat cells and a high set point will battle with a strong craving, urge · 욕구desire for food when dieting.

At first, Originally · 처음에Initially the catchphrase “less is more” had a simple meaning.

First mentioned in Robert Browning’s poem “Andrea del Sarto,” it implies, indicates · 시사하다suggests that everything simple형용사가 명사 뒤에서 수식 is better and more beautiful than the complex and tangled.

Nowadays this phrase is heard often—maybe even too often.

핵심 문장But it’s important to recognize that the way of thinking that lies behind주격 관계대명사절 these words slowly eliminates, removes · 없애다extinguishes certain habits from our daily life.

For example, think about the heavy, huge, bulky · 거대한massive radio receivers that existed back in the day.

Over time, many of their buttons became viewed as수동태 표현 “extra” and were removed, and with each reduction these devices eventually evolved, progressed · 발전했다developed into the phones in our pockets.

The scale of the object became diminished, reduced · 더 작은smaller, and the functions of the buttons got lost in the three-dot menus and multilayered folders of our phones.

We first need to comprehend, grasp · 이해하다understand the short but hidden background, past · 역사history behind the plastics industry and how it became deeply rooted형용사적 보어 역할을 하는 과거분사구 in our daily lives.

Before plastic, people lived more ecologically, durably · 지속 가능하게sustainably, with far fewer waste problems than we encounter, confront · 직면하다face today.

However, after the creation, innovation · 발명invention of plastic, its fast, quick · 급격한rapid adoption during World War II, and its explosion into consumer goods명사구의 전치사구 수식, plastic was everywhere.

The growing industry came to represent, embody · 상징하다symbolize the convenience and wealth, success · 번영prosperity of the American dream.

This dream came with a price.

Over time, people began to observe, perceive · 알아차리다notice the environmental effect, influence · 영향impact, and the early seeds of today’s environmental movement were planted.

핵심 문장However, the plastics industry was quick to counter형용사 뒤의 부사적 용법의 부정사 these concerns, launching campaigns that presented recycling as the answer, remedy · 해결책solution to all our problems.

핵심 문장They pushed the idea that pollution was the blame, responsibility · 잘못fault of consumers, not the companies, firms · 기업들corporations flooding the market앞의 명사 corporations를 수식하는 분사구 with plastic.

As Kuhn proposed, our propositions about the world are embedded within수동태 구문으로 '~에 내재되어 있다'는 의미 paradigms, roughly a system, web · 네트워크network of interrelated commitments to a particular theory, a conception of a subject matter, and methodological practices.

Thus, when scientists undertake research, they do so from within a specific paradigm.

Even the most precise, rigorous · 엄밀한exacting measurements are only sensible형용사 sensible이 보어로 쓰여 '이해 가능한/의미 있는'의 뜻 from within that paradigm.

For example, a look into a microscope tells you nothing unless조건절을 포함한 부정문으로 '~하지 않으면 아무것도 알려주지 않는다'는 의미 you are already informed about the nature of the instrument and what you are supposed to be looking at.

Thus, what we call major progress in science is not a movement from a less to a more accurate paradigm.

핵심 문장Rather, it is a lateral · 수평적인horizontal change, transition · 이동shift from one ‘way of seeing the world’ to another.

For Kuhn, ‘the scientist with a new paradigm sees differently from the way he had seen before.’

Making two visits to one of our cold greenhouses—one at dawn after a below-zero night, and the other a few hours later—provides a striking introduction주어(Making...)에 대한 동사로, 인상적인 도입부를 제공한다는 의미입니다. to the winter harvest.

During the dawn visit all the crops are iced, hardened · 얼어붙은frozen solid.

Raising the inner covers, which is difficult because they too are frozen, reveals a sight of hard, frost-coated leaves bleak enough to convince~할 만큼 충분히 황량한(형용사+enough to 부정사 구문) anyone that this idea is silly, unwise · 어리석은foolish.

핵심 문장Yet a few hours later, after the sun has warmed the greenhouses above freezing, the second visit presents a amazing, extraordinary · 기적적인miraculous contrast.

Under the inner covers are closely spaced rows of strong, energetic · 활기찬vigorous, healthy leaves that stretch the length of the greenhouse.

The leaf colors in different shades of greens, reds, maroons, and yellows stand bright against the dark soil.

It looks like a never-ending spring.

Parenting experts say children need to learn autonomy, self-reliance · 독립성independence and resilience.

But cities and suburbs don't offer safe walk and bike routes to school, malls kick teenagers out on the weekends, and free time disappears under a spreadsheet of activities과도한 일정으로 인해 자유 시간이 사라짐을 비유적으로 표현.

All of those “musts” take more of the parents’ time or money to navigate, because the child can’t do it on their own.

핵심 문장As Darby Saxbe, a clinical psychologist, recently wrote in the New York Times, “underparenting requires organizational, systemic · 구조적인structural change.”

Unlike most political experts, she’s not just talking about economic policies like family leave and government-supported childcare.

She’s talking about actual physical structures, and the cultural change required to populate them.

핵심 문장We need to “build back our acceptance, patience · 관용tolerance for children in public spaces,” she writes, “and create safe environments where lightly supervised지나친 간섭 없이 최소한의 보호만 받는 상태 kids can move around freely.”

It’s fair to say that forbearance, tolerance · 인내patience has a terrible name.

For one thing, the prospect of doing동명사를 목적어로 취하는 명사구 anything that you’ve been told will require patience simply seems unattractive.

More specifically, though, it’s disturbingly (a) inactive, submissive · 수동적인passive.

It is the virtue that has traditionally been urged upon housewives, while their husbands led more exciting lives outside the home; or on racial minorities, told to wait just a few more decades for their full civil rights.

The talented but self-effacing employee who “waits patiently” for a promotion, we tend to feel, will be waiting a long time: she ought to be trumpeting her (b) accomplishments, successes · 성취achievements instead.

In all such cases, patience is a way of psychologically accommodating yourself to a lack of power, an attitude intended to help you to resign yourself to your (c) humble, inferior · 낮은lowly position, in theoretical hopes of better days to come.

But as society accelerates, something (d) changes, alters · 변화하다shifts.

In more and more contexts, patience becomes a form of power.

핵심 문장·빈칸In a world geared for hurry, the capacity to (e) feed the urge문맥상 '서두르려는 충동을 억제하다(resist)'가 되어야 하므로 feed는 부적절함 to hurry—to allow things to take the time they take—is a way to gain purchase on the world, to do the work that counts, and to derive fulfillment, contentment · 만족satisfaction from the doing itself, instead of putting off all your fulfillment to the future.

One day, a sage was traveling with his disciple through the capital of a thriving, wealthy · 번영하는prosperous kingdom.

As they walked along a busy road, the sage noticed a coin on the ground.

Since he lived simply and had no need for~가 필요 없다 it, he told his disciple (a) he hoped to give it to someone who truly required it.

The two men searched the streets, but found no one in genuine need of the coin.

The next morning, near the palace, they saw the king preparing for a war.

The king was not content, pleased · 만족하는satisfied with what he had and sought to expand his kingdom.

Accompanied by his army, he stopped when he saw the sage and his disciple.

He approached the sage and asked for a blessing that might ensure victory.

After a quiet moment of thought, the sage handed the king the coin (c) he had found the previous day.

The king, puzzled and slightly annoyed at what he did, asked, “What is the meaning of this coin? I am the richest king in the land. Why would I need a single coin?”

The sage replied calmly, “Oh, Great King, I found this coin yesterday while walking through your capital. I had no need for it, so I planned to give it to someone who did. Yet everyone (b) I met seemed content and lacked any urgent need.”

핵심 문장The sage added, “Today, I see you preparing for war, seeking to conquer more. And (d) I thought you, the one who craves, wants · 갈망하다desires more, were in need of this coin.”

핵심 문장The king was struck by the sage’s words. He understood, recognized · 깨닫다realized that his hunger for more had made him forget the value of contentment.

The sage’s simple but powerful lesson made him change (e) his plans. The king called off the invasion and chose to appreciate what he already had.